Journal: Science Advances

Article Title: Dysregulation of ectonucleotidase-mediated extracellular adenosine during postmenopausal bone loss

doi: 10.1126/sciadv.aax1387

Figure Lengend Snippet: ( A to L ) Administration of BAY 60-6583 and vehicle for 8 weeks in OVX animals (4 weeks after ovariectomy). Groups are compared to healthy control with no surgery and no treatment (CTL). (A) TRAP staining (purple). Scale bar, 50 μm. (B) Quantification of TRAP-positive cells on bone surface. n = 4. (C) Double-fluorescence bone labeling by calcein (green) and alizarin complexone (red). Scale bar, 100 μm. (D) Quantification of mineral apposition rate (MAR) from bone labeling images. (E) Quantification of bone formation rate (BFR/BS) from bone labeling images. n = 5. (F) Reconstructed microCT images of L4 vertebra. Scale bar, 500 μm. (G to J) Quantification of microCT images. (G) BMD. (H) BV/TV. (I) Tb.N. (J) Tb.Sp. n = 5. Mechanical measurement for (K) maximum load and (L) stiffness of tibia. n = 12. OV, ovariectomy, vehicle [dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO)]; OB, ovariectomy, BAY 60-6583 (1 mg/kg). * P < 0.05, ** P < 0.01, *** P < 0.001.

Article Snippet: The reconstruction of scanned images was performed using microCT Evaluation Program V6.6 (Scanco Medical), followed by generation of radiographs and three-dimensional models using microCT Ray V4.0 (Scanco Medical).

Techniques: Control, Staining, Fluorescence, Labeling

Journal: Medical Physics

Article Title: TLD assessment of mouse dosimetry during microCT imaging

doi: 10.1118/1.2959847

Figure Lengend Snippet: MicroCT PMMA anesthesia support module. Radiation exposures were defined for microCT scans when conducted with and without the use of the microCT PMMA anesthesia support module. The anesthesia module provides gas anesthesia under a HEPA filtered pathogen-free environment.

Article Snippet: The authors wish to thank Dr. Michael J. Paulus from Siemens Pre-Clinical Solutions for providing information regarding the microCT unit and the x-ray source block, Mr. Richard Poelling from the Radiation Safety Office at the Harry S. Truman Memorial VA Hospital, Columbia, MO for providing the ion chambers employed in this investigation.

Techniques:

Journal: Medical Physics

Article Title: TLD assessment of mouse dosimetry during microCT imaging

doi: 10.1118/1.2959847

Figure Lengend Snippet: Internal adsorbed doses of different mouse organs. Table provides the dose measured following a single microCT scan by TLD chips implanted in various organs in a mouse. Radiation dose was measured employing a typical microCT scan protocol. The average absorbed dose over all measurements to the organs is 76±5.0 mGy ( n =3).

Article Snippet: The authors wish to thank Dr. Michael J. Paulus from Siemens Pre-Clinical Solutions for providing information regarding the microCT unit and the x-ray source block, Mr. Richard Poelling from the Radiation Safety Office at the Harry S. Truman Memorial VA Hospital, Columbia, MO for providing the ion chambers employed in this investigation.

Techniques:

Journal: Medical Physics

Article Title: TLD assessment of mouse dosimetry during microCT imaging

doi: 10.1118/1.2959847

Figure Lengend Snippet: MicroCT images of implanted TLDs. MicroCT reconstructed images highlighting the precise locations of implanted TLDs. Figure shows (A) a sagittal microCT slice, (B) a coronal microCT slice, and (C) the axial microCT slice corresponding to the intersected lines in (A) and (B).

Article Snippet: The authors wish to thank Dr. Michael J. Paulus from Siemens Pre-Clinical Solutions for providing information regarding the microCT unit and the x-ray source block, Mr. Richard Poelling from the Radiation Safety Office at the Harry S. Truman Memorial VA Hospital, Columbia, MO for providing the ion chambers employed in this investigation.

Techniques:

Journal: Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology

Article Title: Five Days Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor Treatment Increases Bone Formation and Reduces Gap Size of a Rat Segmental Bone Defect: A Pilot Study

doi: 10.3389/fbioe.2018.00005

Figure Lengend Snippet: In vivo microcomputed tomography (microCT) monitoring of bone healing. The defects were scanned longitudinally over the course of the study. (A) 3D rendering of segmented microCT scans showing the progression of femoral defect healing. Bone formation into the defect was observed from both defect cuts already on day 5 postsurgery in all groups. All rats reached the end of the study with non-unions, but rats from the granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) group had smaller remaining gaps. The median rats of each group were picked for this figure. (B–E) Points are Mean ± SEM and curves show fitted models. The gray area shows p < 0.05 for significant differences between models. (B) Evolution of gap size over time. Gap size decreased in both groups with an inflection around day 30. Gap size was significantly smaller in G-CSF animals from day 20 on. (C) Reduction of gap size. The speed of gap size reduction was significantly higher in G-CSF (1.5 fold at beginning) from days 10 to 40. (D) Bone volume. Bone volume (BV) increased in both groups, showing an inflection around day 50, with G-CSF showing a faster increase in bone volume (resulting from higher bone formation). (E) Bone formation (BF, calculated from the difference in consecutive scans). Bone formation decreased in both groups over time. BF was significantly higher in G-CSF group from day 10 until day 60 (as high as twofold at day 10). (F) Correlation of bone volume at day 40 and day 204 (end of the study). The G-CSF-treated animals showed a higher correlation between day 40 and 204, suggesting that the effect of G-CSF treatment was already manifested at the early phase of healing.

Article Snippet: New bone volume within the defect and gap size was monitored using in vivo microCT (VivaCT40, Scanco Medical).

Techniques: In Vivo, Tomography